This page will define the following: incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, centroid, and Euler line.

INCENTRE

Incenter is the center of the inscribed circle (incircle) of the triangle, it is the point of intersection of the angle bisectors of the triangle.

where At = area of the triangle and s = ½ (a + b + c). See the derivation of formula for radius of incircle.

CIRCUMCIRCLE

Circumcenter is the point of intersection of perpendicular bisectors of the triangle. It is also the center of the circumscribing circle (circumcircle).

As you can see in the figure above, circumcenter can be inside or outside the triangle. In the case of the right triangle, circumcenter is at the midpoint of the hypotenuse. Given the area of the triangle At, the radius of the circumscribing circle is given by the formula

You may want to take a look for the derivation of formula for radius of circumcircle.

ORTHOCENTER

Orthocenter of the triangle is the point of intersection of the altitudes. Like circumcenter, it can be inside or outside the triangle as shown in the figure below.

CENTROID

The point of intersection of the medians is the centroid of the triangle. Centroid is the geometric center of a plane figure.

EULER LINE

The line that would pass through the orthocenter, circumcenter, and centroid of the triangle is called the Euler line.